Utilización de motores de plantilla con Express

A template engine enables you to use static template files in your application. At runtime, the template engine replaces variables in a template file with actual values, and transforms the template into an HTML file sent to the client. This approach makes it easier to design an HTML page.

The Express application generator uses Pug as its default, but it also supports Handlebars, and EJS, among others.

To render template files, set the following application setting properties, in the default app.js created by the generator:

views, el directorio donde se encuentran los archivos de plantilla. Ejemplo: app.set('views', './views') This defaults to the views directory in the application root directory.
view engine, el motor de plantilla que se utiliza. Ejemplo: app.set('view engine', 'pug')

A continuación, instale el paquete npm de motor de plantilla correspondiente:

$ npm install pug --save

Express-compliant template engines such as Pug export a function named __express(filePath, options, callback), which res.render() calls to render the template code.

Some template engines do not follow this convention. The @ladjs/consolidate library follows this convention by mapping all of the popular Node.js template engines, and therefore works seamlessly within Express.

After the view engine is set, you don’t have to specify the engine or load the template engine module in your app; Express loads the module internally, for example:

app.set('view engine', 'pug')

Cree un archivo de plantilla Pug denominado index.pug en el directorio views, con el siguiente contenido:

html
  head
    title= title
  body
    h1= message

A continuación, cree una ruta para representar el archivo index.pug. Si la propiedad view engine no se establece, debe especificar la extensión del archivo view. De lo contrario, puede omitirla.

app.get('/', (req, res) => {
  res.render('index', { title: 'Hey', message: 'Hello there!' })
})

Cuando realice una solicitud a la página de inicio, el archivo index.pug se representará como HTML.

The view engine cache does not cache the contents of the template’s output, only the underlying template itself. The view is still re-rendered with every request even when the cache is on.

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